What Is Grafting Tape?
Grafting tape is a specialized material used in horticulture to wrap around the junction of a grafted rootstock and the graft (branch or bud) during the grafting process. Grafting is a technique where a part of one plant (scion) is attached to another plant (rootstock) to propagate new plants. The union point is carefully prepared and then secured using grafting tape, which functions similarly to an adhesive bandage, providing support and accelerating the establishment of the graft.
While traditional tape is common, other forms like clip-type and tube-type grafting tapes are also available and are chosen based on the grafting method employed.
Uses of Grafting Tape
Grafting tape is essential in various grafting techniques, such as cut grafting, matching grafting, split grafting, and bud grafting. It plays a crucial role in ensuring the successful adhesion of the formative layers of the graft and rootstock. The tape keeps the grafted parts aligned and protected from external elements, allowing the formation of a callus and the eventual fusion of the two parts. It’s especially important to prevent the graft joint from drying out or getting infected until the callus forms and stabilizes.
Commercially available grafting tapes are effective in preventing drying and bacterial contamination of the graft area.
Features of Grafting Tape
Advantages
Grafting tape offers several benefits, including protection from drying and bacteria, thus enhancing the success rate of grafting. Made from a thin, stretchy film, it adheres well to branches and plant skin, sealing in moisture and keeping out rainwater. Its flexibility allows buds to break through without hindrance, and some types naturally degrade under UV light, eliminating the need for removal.
Disadvantages
The main drawback is that non-degradable tapes require removal after the graft has taken, as they can constrict and potentially damage the plant if left in place.
Types of Grafting Tape
Grafting tapes come in various materials, including paper, synthetic resin, low-density polyethylene, and soft polyvinyl chloride. Synthetic resin tapes, resembling a mix of plastic and rubber, are currently the most popular due to their ease of use and effectiveness.
How to Select Grafting Tape
When selecting grafting tape, consider the following:
1. Size
There are various sizes of grafting tape, including 15 mm, 25 mm, and 30 mm widths. If the stems and branches of the plants you want to graft are thin and delicate, it is recommended to choose a smaller size.
2. Material
The material is directly related to the ease or difficulty of handling. Adhesive tape made of synthetic resin can be secured as it is rolled, making it easy to work with even for first-time grafting.
Other Information on Grafting Tape
1. Grafting Clip
Grafting clips are an alternative to tapes, offering an easy way to secure graft joints. They are particularly useful for grafting a large number of plants quickly, such as in vegetable grafting.
2. Grafting Tube
Grafting tubes are transparent containers that fit over the graft area to prevent drying. They are commonly used for grafting vegetables like tomatoes and eggplants and are designed to disengage naturally as the stem thickens.