月: 2023年1月

What Is Lithium Tantalate?

Lithium tantalate, known for its ferroelectric properties and utility in optical devices, is a key component in generating high-power green lasers for laser projectors and displays.

Uses of Lithium Tantalate

1. Surface Acoustic Wave (SAW) Filters

Used in frequency-selective filters for communication devices, SAW filters benefit from the piezoelectric properties of lithium tantalate.

2. Piezoelectric Elements

Lithium tantalate’s piezoelectric effect is harnessed in a wide array of applications, from gas stoves to vibration sensors and actuators, showcasing its versatility.

3. Wavelength Conversion Elements

As a wavelength conversion element, lithium tantalate enables the production of green lasers, emphasizing its importance in optical technologies.

4. Pyroelectric Materials

Exhibiting pyroelectricity, lithium tantalate has potential applications in X-ray generation and is being researched for its capabilities in nuclear fusion.

Properties of Lithium Tantalate

With a melting point of 1,650°C and excellent thermal stability, lithium tantalate is a robust material for various high-temperature applications.

Other Information on Lithium Tantalate

1. Safety

Non-hazardous and noncombustible, lithium tantalate requires standard precautions for safe storage and handling.

2. Handling Methods

Recommended safety measures include dust control, respiratory protection, and protective clothing to minimize exposure and ingestion risks.

What Is Sodium Tungstate?

Sodium tungstate, Na₂WO₄, serves as a crucial intermediate in tungsten extraction and finds diverse applications in industries ranging from dyes and ceramics to microbiology and electron microscopy.

Uses of Sodium Tungstate

Utilized as a mordant, metal treatment agent, catalyst, and staining agent for electron microscopy, sodium tungstate enhances contrast with its high electron density. Additionally, it’s recognized for its hypoglycemic effects and is vital in culture media for microorganism growth.

Properties of Sodium Tungstate

A white solid with a melting point of 698°C and excellent water solubility, sodium tungstate acts as a weak oxidizing agent and forms alkaline solutions.

Types of Sodium Tungstate

Available mainly as dihydrate or aqueous solutions for research and industrial applications, it plays roles in dyeing, metal treatment, and as a catalyst base.

1. Reagent Products

For R&D, sodium tungstate dihydrate is sold in quantities like 25g, 100g, and 500g, often at room temperature or as a 9.3% aqueous solution.

2. Industrial Use Products

As a catalyst material or for metal and ceramic processing, the dihydrate form is preferred, underscoring its versatility in manufacturing.

Other Information on Sodium Tungstate

1. Production

Produced from ores like wolframite through melting with sodium hydroxide or carbonate, sodium tungstate is extracted and refined for various uses.

2. Hydrate Forms

Its solubility leads to the formation of decahydrate or dihydrate depending on the temperature, with the dihydrate form being widely used.

3. Chemical Reactions

Reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce tungsten trioxide, demonstrating its role in further chemical processes and industrial applications.

What Is Taurine?

Taurine, or aminoethyl sulfonic acid, is a sulfur-containing amino acid with the chemical formula C2H7NO3S, CAS No. 107-35-7, and a molecular weight of 125.15. Found abundantly in shellfish, squid, and octopus, it is also present in all human body tissues, with high concentrations in the heart, skeleton, liver, brain, and retina.

Uses of Taurine

Taurine is used in pharmaceuticals, food additives, and moisturizers.

1. Pharmaceuticals and Quasi-Drugs:

In OTC drugs, taurine is classified as a Class III drug. It is used in eye drops and drinks for its potential liver function improvement and muscle fatigue relief. As a prescription drug, “98% Taurine Acids” are indicated for conditions like hyperbilirubinemia and MELAS syndrome. It is also used in pharmaceuticals as stabilizers, buffers, taste enhancers, binders, isotonicizers, excipients, preservatives, and other additives.

2. Food Additives:

Taurine enhances the flavor of processed marine products. It is typically synthesized chemically but can also be extracted from goat bile.

3. Moisturizers:

Used in cosmetics and hair care products, taurine helps retain moisture and protect skin from external stimuli. It is naturally concentrated in the epidermis and helps regulate epidermal moisture.

4. Other Uses:

Additionally, taurine is used in powdered milk, pet food, industrial catalysts, and surfactants.

Principle of Taurine

Taurine binds to bile acids, consuming cholesterol and reportedly improving heart and liver function, restoring eyesight, promoting insulin secretion, and preventing hypertension. It is also found in breast milk and is crucial for infant development.

Other Information on Taurine

1. Taurine Properties:

Taurine is a colorless to white crystal or crystalline powder, slightly soluble in water and almost insoluble in ethanol (99.5%). The pH of a 1.0 g taurine solution in 20 mL of water is 4.1 to 5.6.

2. Legal Classification of Taurine:

Taurine is manufactured in various grades, from pharmaceutical to food additive grade.

3. History of Taurine:

First isolated in 1827 from cattle bile, taurine was named after the Greek word “taurus.” In traditional Chinese medicine, a similar substance has been used for centuries. Post-World War II, Taisho Pharmaceutical in Japan conducted significant research on taurine.

What Is a Scraper Conveyor?

A scraper conveyor is a type of conveyor used to transport scraps generated by press processing machines like servo and hydraulic presses. It addresses the limitations of traditional conveyors in handling fine or thin scrap materials.

Uses of Scraper Conveyors

Scraper conveyors are designed to automatically transport scrap from press machines to collection bins, saving labor and streamlining the scrap collection process. They can be installed directly under press machines or within plant pits for centralized scrap collection.

Advantages

Scraper conveyors are known for their simple structure, ease of maintenance, and versatility in manufacturing, including inclined and curved designs.

Demerits

Due to their scraping mechanism, there’s a risk of material damage and residual material within the conveyor, making them unsuitable for delicate or yield-sensitive products.

Principle of Scraper Conveyors

Scraper conveyors use scraper plates attached to a chain to collect and move scrap. The conveyor’s interior is designed like a ship’s bottom, facilitating scrap collection in the center. The scraper blades are replaceable, ensuring easy maintenance.

Other Information on Scraper Conveyors

Scraper Conveyors Market

The global conveyor system market, including scraper conveyors, is projected to grow from $8.8 billion in 2020 to $10.6 billion by 2025, at a CAGR of 3.9%. Europe is expected to see significant growth and become the largest market by 2025, with major end users like Carrefour, Aldi, Edeka, and Metro. The conveyor belt market, in particular, is anticipated to reach $6.1 billion by 2020, with moderate growth expected over the next five years.

What Is an Underwater Camera?

An underwater camera is designed to take pictures beneath the water’s surface. Essential for being waterproof, these cameras are used in various settings from recreational to industrial applications.

Uses of Underwater Cameras

Commonly used in hobbies such as fishing and scuba diving, underwater cameras capture images of aquatic life and environments. They are also used in marine research and industrial applications, including vessel management in fisheries, underwater construction in the construction industry, and facility maintenance in water management sectors.

Waterproofing of Underwater Cameras

Underwater cameras adhere to the “IPX” waterproof standard, which ranges from IPX0 to IPX8. Manufacturers often test their products for depth and duration of underwater usage, providing guidelines for safe operation. Some models may require additional components to enhance waterproofing for specific environments.

Underwater Cameras Market Size

The global underwater camera market, valued at US$5.65 billion in 2020, is projected to reach US$18.81 billion by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 13.90% from 2021 to 2030.

Points to Consider When Selecting a Camera

When choosing an underwater camera, consider water pressure resistance, lighting requirements in deeper waters, battery life limitations, and the need for wired connections for real-time image transmission due to limited radio wave functionality underwater.

Industrial Applications of Underwater Cameras

Underwater cameras in industrial settings are used in diverse environments, from seas to chemical tanks. They can replace risky diver operations, extend inspection capabilities, and offer deeper exploration. Special processing techniques and materials have expanded their use beyond traditional underwater environments. For industrial applications, consultation with specialized manufacturers is advised.

What Is a Dashboard Camera?

A dashboard camera, installed in vehicles, records images inside and outside the vehicle. They are typically mounted on the front or rear window, or dashboard, and have gained popularity for continuous recording to monitor for incidents like theft or distracted driving.

Some models feature both front and rear cameras, or even three cameras (front, rear, interior), while others use a single wide-angle camera for 360° horizontal and 240° vertical recording. The recording mode varies by product.

Uses of Dashboard Cameras

Dashboard cameras provide audio and video evidence in the event of accidents or traffic disputes, useful for insurance and legal purposes. They often include a function to automatically record moments before and after an impact, detected by a built-in G sensor.

They are commonly installed in commercial vehicles like trucks, cabs, and buses, and increasingly in passenger vehicles as well.

Principle of Dashboard Cameras

Dashboard cameras vary in features, including:

• Camera Position: Front and rear cameras are common, with some models including an interior camera. Single wide-angle cameras are also used for omnidirectional recording.
• Recording Mode: Options include collision-triggered recording, continuous recording, and post-engine stop recording. Some have a parking mode that activates upon impact detection while parked.
• Power Supply: Power is typically supplied from a cigarette lighter socket or USB port, with some models featuring internal batteries or OBDII connector power for enhanced parking monitoring.
• External Memory: Many models use microSD cards, with larger capacities allowing longer recording times. Higher pixel recording requires more storage space.
• Installation Method: Cameras are usually mounted using double-sided tape or suction cups, sometimes with audio prompts for safe driving reminders.

How to Select a Dashboard Camera

When choosing a dashboard camera, consider factors like night image quality, angle of view, G sensor, parking recording function, three-way camera, backlight protection, and LED traffic signal compatibility.

• Night Image Quality: Cameras with infrared sensors or image sensors enhance nighttime image quality.
• The angle of View and G Sensor: Wide-angle cameras cover more area, while G sensors trigger recording upon impact.
• Parking Recording: Some cameras record while parked using built-in batteries.
• Additional Features: Consider cameras with interior views, backlight protection, and LED traffic signal compatibility for comprehensive coverage.

Types of Dashboard Cameras

Dashboard cameras come in integrated, separate, and mirror types, each varying in price and installation complexity.

• Integrated Type: Affordable, with camera and unit combined, easily mounted on glass surfaces.
• Separate Type: Offers high performance with separate camera and unit, requiring more complex installation.
• Mirror Type: Expensive, mounted on the room mirror, doubles as a digital inner mirror, and is often powered from a cigarette lighter socket.

What Is Brass?

Brass is an alloy primarily composed of zinc and copper. It is one of the most common copper alloys, available in various compositions such as 65/35 brass (65% copper, 35% zinc), yellow brass, red brass, naval brass (with added tin), free-cutting brass, and forging brass. Each type of brass is utilized based on its specific application.

Brass has a rich history, dating back to the 20th century B.C., used in coins and weapons. Its gold-like appearance, ease of processing, corrosion resistance, and rigidity make it a versatile and widely used alloy.

Uses of Brass

Brass has diverse applications due to its variable properties. Softer grades with less than 15% zinc content are used for coins, medals, fasteners, and jewelry. Brass instruments are also commonly made from brass. Higher zinc content grades are suitable for household goods, automotive and marine parts, bolts, nuts, connectors, and heat exchangers. Special brass types, like naval brass with tin and free-cutting brass with lead, are used for specific applications like ship components and gears.

Characteristics of Brass

The properties of brass vary with its zinc content and additional metal types. Generally, higher zinc content results in a yellower, harder, but more brittle and expensive alloy. Brass is known for its high electrical and thermal conductivity, nonmagnetic nature, and ease of plating.

Brass is also noted for its excellent hot forgeability due to its relatively low melting point, making it suitable for casting and forging. It has great ductility, is non-magnetic, easily recyclable, and exhibits high corrosion and rust resistance. These attributes make brass a valuable and multifunctional alloy.