What Is Brass?
Brass is an alloy primarily composed of zinc and copper. It is one of the most common copper alloys, available in various compositions such as 65/35 brass (65% copper, 35% zinc), yellow brass, red brass, naval brass (with added tin), free-cutting brass, and forging brass. Each type of brass is utilized based on its specific application.
Brass has a rich history, dating back to the 20th century B.C., used in coins and weapons. Its gold-like appearance, ease of processing, corrosion resistance, and rigidity make it a versatile and widely used alloy.
Uses of Brass
Brass has diverse applications due to its variable properties. Softer grades with less than 15% zinc content are used for coins, medals, fasteners, and jewelry. Brass instruments are also commonly made from brass. Higher zinc content grades are suitable for household goods, automotive and marine parts, bolts, nuts, connectors, and heat exchangers. Special brass types, like naval brass with tin and free-cutting brass with lead, are used for specific applications like ship components and gears.
Characteristics of Brass
The properties of brass vary with its zinc content and additional metal types. Generally, higher zinc content results in a yellower, harder, but more brittle and expensive alloy. Brass is known for its high electrical and thermal conductivity, nonmagnetic nature, and ease of plating.
Brass is also noted for its excellent hot forgeability due to its relatively low melting point, making it suitable for casting and forging. It has great ductility, is non-magnetic, easily recyclable, and exhibits high corrosion and rust resistance. These attributes make brass a valuable and multifunctional alloy.