What Is Pentane Gas?
Pentane gas, an alkane with five carbon atoms, exists in three structural isomers: n-pentane, isopentane, and neopentane. Typically, the term “pentane” refers to n-pentane, the linear-chain form. It is a nonpolar compound, insoluble in water but miscible with many organic solvents like ethers and alcohols.
Classified as a Class 4 hazardous substance, pentane gas is highly volatile and flammable, even at room temperature. Therefore, handling pentane gas requires precautions such as eliminating ignition sources, preventing leakage, and ensuring adequate ventilation.
Pentane Gas Data
- CAS No.: 109-66-0
- Molecular Weight: 72.15
- Boiling Point: 36.1°C
- Melting Point: -129.7°C
Source: American Chemical Society
Uses of Pentane Gas
Pentane gas is utilized in adhesives, printing inks, organic synthesis experiments, and as an extraction solvent due to its high volatility. It’s also used as an anesthetic and in binary power generation for geothermal power plants. Additionally, n-pentane is a reference material in gas chromatography (GC).
Pentane Gas Safety and Regulations
Pentane gas, with a flash point of -49°C, is an extremely flammable compound, requiring the elimination of ignition sources during use. Though it has low acute toxicity, it can act as an anesthetic and irritant to the respiratory tract. Precautions include preventing leakage and ensuring proper ventilation. Pentane gas handling also requires adherence to OHSA regulations for risk assessment.