What Is a Wave Spring?
Wave springs are coiled springs with a unique corrugated shape. Compared to standard coil springs, they are more compact and capable of storing more elastic energy within the same length. Primarily used for supporting objects and absorbing vibration, wave springs are well-suited for space-constrained environments. Additionally, their lightweight design contributes to weight reduction in various applications.
Their ability to absorb vibration reduces the transmission of vibration and shock to objects, enhancing the durability of products and machinery. Easy to assemble and disassemble, wave springs offer significant design flexibility. However, it’s important to note that stress concentration in the waveform can affect the spring’s life and strength, which should be mitigated through proper materials and design.
Uses of Wave Springs
Wave springs find applications in various industries, including:
1. Automobiles
In the automotive sector, they are used to adjust the tension of seats and seat belts, enhancing passenger comfort and safety. They also support door-opening and closing mechanisms.
2. Home Appliances
Wave springs are utilized in home appliances like refrigerators, washing machines, and ovens for smooth opening and closing actions. They also absorb vibrations and noise from motors and other components, improving the quietness of these appliances.
3. Fishing Reels
In fishing reels, wave springs assist in controlling spool rotation and line winding, enabling smooth casting and retrieval.
Principle of Wave Springs
The principle of wave springs lies in the accumulation and release of elastic energy. When compressed or extended by an external force, they store or release energy. The interaction between the waveforms, with alternating peaks and troughs, ensures even distribution of the deformation effect.
How to Select Wave Springs
Key considerations when selecting wave springs include:
- Diameter: Choose the appropriate wire thickness based on the required strength and maximum load.
- Free Length: Ensure the spring’s uncompressed length matches the operational range and fits correctly in the equipment.
- Material: Select a material that offers the necessary performance and durability, considering factors like the operating environment and corrosion resistance.
- Maximum Load: Choose a spring that can handle the expected operational load without risk of deformation or damage.