What Is a Homogenizer?
A homogenizer is a device used to disperse and break up substances in liquids to homogenize them. In a broader sense, it can also involve stirring powders with devices like propellers. The methods of particle crushing include grinding (high-pressure type), high-frequency crushing (ultrasonic type), and chopping (stirring type).
The high-pressure type is often used in factories for processing large amounts of samples under pressure. Ultrasonic homogenizers are compact and suitable for small samples, widely used in scientific experiments and increasingly in manufacturing. Agitating homogenizers can homogenize hard materials quickly due to their high-speed pulverization capability.
Homogenizers are utilized in manufacturing, research, and medical fields.
Uses of Homogenizers
Homogenizers are employed for crushing, dispersing, and mixing fine particles, as well as for emulsifying water and oil. They find applications in:
1. Food Production
Used in the manufacture of dairy products, beverages, sauces, dressings, and other food items.
2. Research Fields
Utilized for extracting proteins, DNA, RNA, and other cellular components, and in materials research.
3. Medical Care
Involved in the production of pharmaceuticals, dyes, cosmetics, and the homogenization of sludge.
Principle of Homogenizers
1. High-Pressure Homogenizer
Works by applying pressure, pressurizing fluid through a homovalve, and homogenizing by particle collisions and shear force. This method allows for processing larger quantities and finer homogenization but requires cooling due to frictional heat.
2. Ultrasonic Homogenizer
Applies ultrasonic waves to liquids, causing cavitation and breaking up particles. This method results in spherical particle shapes and is excellent for emulsification, although it has a low processing volume.
3. Stirring Homogenizer
Uses a fixed outer blade and a rotating inner blade powered by a generator. The flow of liquid generated crushes particles, with ultrasonic waves from the inner blade enhancing the homogenization process.