What Is a Biodegradable Mulch?
Biodegradable mulch is an agricultural covering made of biodegradable resin, officially known as “biodegradable mulch film.” Unlike conventional mulches, which require removal and disposal after harvest, biodegradable mulch decomposes naturally into water and carbon dioxide, thanks to soil microorganisms. This reduces the labor and time needed for removal.
Uses of Biodegradable Mulch
Similar to regular mulch, biodegradable mulch is used to control weeds, regulate soil temperature, manage pests, and retain soil moisture and softness during crop growth. Various types are manufactured for specific purposes.
Types of Biodegradable Mulch
1. Classification by Raw Material
Biodegradable mulches are made from either plant-based materials like corn or sugarcane starch, or petroleum-derived materials.
2. Classification by Decomposition Rate
They can be categorized based on their decomposition rate: some decompose within 2 to 3 months, while others take 4 to 5 months. It’s important to select a type that matches the crop’s growing period.
How to Select Biodegradable Mulch
When choosing biodegradable mulch, consider these factors:
1. Decomposition Rate
Select a mulch with a decomposition rate that aligns with your crop’s growth period. If the mulch decomposes too early, it loses effectiveness.
2. Quantity
Since biodegradable mulch decomposes over time, it’s best to purchase only the amount needed and store it in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and rain.
3. Cost-Effectiveness
Biodegradable mulch tends to be more expensive than regular mulch. Consider the benefits and costs before purchasing.
Features of Biodegradable Mulch
Advantages
1. Environmentally Friendly: Decomposing into water and carbon dioxide, biodegradable mulch reduces plastic waste, making it a greener option.
2. Labor-Saving: It can be plowed into the soil after use, eliminating the need for manual removal and disposal.
3. Reduced Disposal Costs: With less plastic waste, disposal costs are minimized.
Disadvantages
1. High Price: Typically, biodegradable mulch is costlier than conventional mulch, though prices may decrease as it becomes more popular.
2. Weaker Strength: Despite improvements, biodegradable mulch is more prone to tearing compared to regular mulch.
3. Consideration for Decomposition: Factors like humidity, UV exposure, and soil disinfectants can affect its decomposition rate.
Other Information on Biodegradable Mulch
Subsidy for Biodegradable Mulch
Some local governments offer subsidies for purchasing biodegradable mulch to encourage sustainable practices. The subsidy amount varies, often covering a third to half of the cost. It’s advisable to check for any available subsidies with your local government before purchasing.