What Is a Noncombustible Board?
A noncombustible board is used as interior finishing materials, such as ceilings, columns, and walls, to prevent fires, particularly in their early stages. It is classified as a “fireproof material.” Although the material itself absorbs heat, it is characterized by its slow ignition. Specifically, it is a building material that does not ignite for at least 20 minutes after the onset of heating.
Typical noncombustible boards include gypsum board and calcium silicate board. A Gypsum board, also known as a plasterboard, is an interior board. Materials such as cloth are applied over this board for finishing. While it is embedded inside and not visible, it is a common material used in various interior parts of a building. However, it is not suitable for use around water, as its thermal insulation is compromised when wet.
Silica board, composed of siliceous raw materials, is inherently noncombustible. It differs from gypsum board in its water resistance. The silica board consists of siliceous material, calcareous material, and reinforcing fiber. It is particularly useful in wet and humid areas where gypsum board is less effective. Additionally, it is used in outdoor areas, although not directly exposed to rain.
Uses of Noncombustible Boards
Noncombustible boards are widely used in buildings to minimize fire damage. They are particularly prevalent in areas with a high potential for fire spread, such as walls, columns, and ceilings. Gypsum board, for instance, is extensively used, except in areas subject to direct water contact, like bathrooms and sinks.
They are commonly found in kitchen walls, sanitary walls, toilet walls, entrance walls, interior walls, and corridor walls. Conversely, silica board is better suited for outdoor exposure, such as in outdoor awning ceilings, parking lot ceilings, and balcony bulkheads in apartment buildings.