What Is Glucan?
Glucan is a general term for polysaccharides composed of glucose units. The most well-known types of glucan are α-glucan and β-glucan.
α-Glucans include amylose, found in rice and rice cakes, and glycogen, an animal storage sugar. These glucans, which also contain dextrin and starch produced by plants through photosynthesis, contribute to the sweet taste of foods.
β-Glucan, on the other hand, is found in fungi and plants. While it is not broken down or absorbed by the human body, it is believed to offer significant health benefits.
Uses of Glucan
Glucans, particularly β-glucans, have several notable effects:
- Effects on Concentration
The α-glucans such as starch, amylose, and amylopectin are broken down by the enzyme amylase and absorbed as glucose, which is a primary energy source for the brain. This process can improve concentration and memory. - Immunity-Enhancing Effects
β-Glucans support the immune system and increase resistance to bacteria and viruses. They promote the production of interferon, an immune-related substance, and can help prevent and alleviate symptoms of colds and allergies due to their immunological effects. - Anti-Cancer Potential
β-Glucans are also researched for their potential in cancer suppression through immune system enhancement. They can activate immune cells like natural killer cells and macrophages, which help inhibit the growth of cancer cells. β-Glucans have been recognized for their tumor-suppressive effects.