What Is Sodium Perborate?
Sodium perborate, an inorganic compound with the formula NaBO3, primarily exists as monohydrate or tetrahydrate. Despite being represented as the sodium salt of HBO3, perborate does not exist as a free acid but is structurally comprised of a boron atom bonded to a hydroxide ion.
Uses of Sodium Perborate
As a versatile compound, sodium perborate serves various roles, including as a bleaching agent in textiles, a component in detergents, mouthwashes, and teeth whitening products, as well as in laboratory reagents and other applications.
Properties of Sodium Perborate
1. Sodium Perborate Monohydrate
Characterized by its white crystalline or powder form, sodium perborate monohydrate decomposes above 60°C and is slightly soluble in water, with specific applications benefiting from its chemical properties.
2. Sodium Perborate Tetrahydrate
The tetrahydrate form, a colorless, odorless solid, is noted for its oxidizing effects in aqueous solutions, liberating hydrogen peroxide, and is widely used as a bleaching agent.
Types and Availability
Commercially, sodium perborate is mostly sold as tetrahydrate, with the monohydrate form being less common. Available in various capacities, these reagents cater to laboratory use and are stable at room temperature.
Other Information on Sodium Perborate
1. Synthesis
The compound is synthesized through a two-step reaction involving sodium borate, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen peroxide, leading to the production of sodium perborate tetrahydrate, with the monohydrate form obtainable through heating.
2. Hazardous Properties
Both forms of sodium perborate pose potential hazards, including fire risks, toxicity if swallowed or inhaled, and serious eye damage. They are also suspected of causing reproductive toxicity and are harmful to aquatic life.
3. Regulatory Information
Due to its hazardous nature, sodium perborate is subject to strict regulations, including classifications under the Fire Service Act and PRTR Law, necessitating careful handling in compliance with legal standards.