What Is Decabromodiphenyl Ethane?
Decabromodiphenyl ethane is an organic compound with the formula C12Br10O. It is a white or light yellow solid at room temperature, with a melting point of 300°C, a boiling point of 425°C, and a density of 3.364 g/mL. Its solubility in water is extremely low, at 1.0 x 10-4 mg/L at 25°C. Commonly referred to as decaBDE, DBDE, or BDE-209, this substance is recognized for its flame-retardant properties but is also noted for its potential environmental and health risks.
Uses of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane
Widely used as a flame retardant, decabromodiphenyl ethane is incorporated into various synthetic resins and products, including electrical and electronic equipment plastics, automotive parts, and flame-retardant textiles. Despite its utility, its resistance to degradation in the natural environment poses significant environmental and health hazards, leading to its inclusion in the Stockholm Convention’s list of restricted substances in 2016.
Properties of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane
As a member of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) family, Decabromodiphenyl Ethane is synthesized through the bromination of diphenyl oxide. Its structure and properties are similar to those of the 209 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) isomers, highlighting its broad spectrum of potential environmental impacts.
Types of Decabromodiphenyl Ethane
Available mainly for research and industrial use, decabromodiphenyl ethane is sold in standard solutions and requires careful handling due to its classification as a Class I Specified Chemical Substance under relevant chemical safety regulations.
Other Information on Decabromodiphenyl Ethane
1. Reactivity
The flame retardant mechanism is attributed to bromine’s ability to scavenge radicals, inhibiting the combustion process. While stable under most conditions, it undergoes rapid photolysis when exposed to sunlight, leading to the formation of less brominated, potentially more toxic compounds.
2. Toxicity
With significant bioaccumulation potential, decabromodiphenyl ethane poses risks to aquatic ecosystems and human health, including mild skin and eye irritation and potential impacts on the liver, thyroid, and kidneys with long-term exposure.