What Is a Valve Float?
A valve float is a rubber or plastic float used in toilets. It is spherical or hemispherical in shape and functions as a lid for the drain pipe inside the tank.
The valve float is connected to a lever on the side of the tank by a chain. When the lever is operated, the chain extends, and the valve float opens. The opening of the valve float allows water to flow into the toilet. The valve float is attached to the tubular overflow pipe inside the toilet tank and remains stationary.
Uses of Valve Floats
Valve floats are used when a fixed amount of water is required. For this reason, they are used as part of the system to flush the toilet.
Valve floats are used in conjunction with a water supply system that uses a floating ball to supply a fixed amount of water.
Since the adjustment of water volume is determined by the capacity of the tank and the position of the floating ball, the valve float is not directly related to the volume of water in the toilet. Its primary function is to shut off the water after the specified volume of water has flowed.
Principle of Valve Floats
Valve floats, as the name implies, are lighter than water and float on water. This floating feature allows the valve float to function as a valve that does not close when water is flowing but closes when the water level is low.
When flushing the toilet, the lever is pushed down. This action pulls the chain, releasing the valve float and allowing water to flow. Once released, the valve float floats on the water, attempting to rise above the water level. This prevents it from obstructing the water flow when the water level is high.
As the water level decreases, the valve float descends to its original position. During this time, a small amount of water continues to flow and drain. The flow of water causes the valve float to be drawn into the drain valve, blocking it. The water that no longer has a place in the tank accumulates, and the water pressure keeps the valve floating in place, sealing it to prevent further water flow.
In many cases, problems such as continuous water flow and water leakage occur due to issues with the valve float, such as deterioration of the rubber or disconnection of the chain.