What Is a Seedling Mat?
A seedling mat is a specialized mat used as an alternative to traditional seedling mediums. These mats provide a uniform and stable environment for seedling root development, enhancing the quality of the seedlings.
Uses of Seedling Mats
Seedling mats are primarily used in the cultivation of rice seedlings, often referred to as paddy rice seedling mats. They are also effective for growing vegetables and garden plants, especially those sensitive to cold and root disturbances.
Features of Seedling Mats
These mats are made from various materials, including wood fiber, non-woven vinylon fiber, and artificial mineral fibers primarily composed of silica and calcium. Key characteristics include lightweight, air permeability, moisture retention, and water permeability. Some mats also have applied fertilizer components like phosphate and potash.
Pros
Seedling mats reduce the weight of seedling boxes and the labor involved in transporting them. They also simplify cleaning due to the absence of bedding soil. Another advantage is the reduced frequency of watering compared to traditional seedling mediums. “Pooled seedling cultivation,” involving a sheet over the floor of the greenhouse, further reduces watering work. These mats are durable and can be used for several years, offering cost savings.
Cons
However, seedling growth may be slightly delayed, and watering might be insufficient with certain machines. Overly rooted mats can reduce workability when removing them from seedling boxes and cause premature wear to rice transplanters.
Types of Seedling Mats
Seedling mats are available in various shapes and sizes. They are generally white, measuring 279 mm x 579 mm x 13 mm, and weighing around 140g. There are flat types, which prevent seeds from rolling, and those with or without “cross” or “X” shaped slits. Selection should be based on the crop type.
How to Use Seedling Mats
- Set a seedling mat in each box, showering it generously with water.
- Sow seeds evenly across the mat.
- Cover the seeds with a slightly thicker layer of soil than used with traditional mediums.
- Regularly water the seedlings to prevent drying.
- During hardening, water every 1-2 days, considering the weather and seedling growth.
- Water seedlings before transplanting to improve root slide.
- Remove the mats from the boxes and set them on the transplanter for planting.
Ensure correct placement as some mats are designed for dual-side use. Seedling boxes should be suitable for smaller seedlings when using seedling mats.
Other Information on Seedling Mats
1. Heated Seedling Mats
Indoor-use seedling mats with heaters are available, providing warmth to support the germination and growth of sensitive plants. They warm the root zone to room temperature plus 10-15 °C but should not be submerged in water.
2. Price of Seedling Mats
Prices vary: for instance, a pack of 300 mats for rice farming may cost around $375, while a pack of 30 general-use mats might be around $50.
3. Considerations Before Purchasing
When transitioning from seedling media to mats, ensure compatibility with existing boxes and machinery. Consulting with agricultural equipment dealers or advisors is recommended for any uncertainties.