What Is Lithium Sulfide?
Lithium sulfide, with the chemical formula Li2S, is known for being a colorless to white powder with a distinct rotten-egg odor. Nonflammable, it reacts with acids to produce sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide gases. Soluble in water, it undergoes hydrolysis and is deliquescent, heating upon contact with water and forming an alkaline solution.
Uses of Lithium Sulfide
Significant for its role in next-generation rechargeable batteries, lithium sulfide is explored as a cathode material and solid electrolyte in all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries. These batteries, anticipated for use in electronic devices, electric vehicles, and aircraft, promise increased energy density and safety.
Properties of Lithium Sulfide
With a molecular weight of 45.95 and CAS number 12136-58-2, lithium sulfide melts between 900-975℃. Data on its flash point, boiling point, density, pH, or solubility are not readily available. Handling requires caution due to its sensitivity to light.
Other Information on Lithium Sulfide
1. Safety
Classified as toxic if ingested and causing skin and eye irritation, lithium sulfide demands careful handling despite not being categorized as corrosive under certain laws. It is, however, recognized as corrosive under other regulatory frameworks.
2. First Aid Measures
Emergency procedures include rinsing eyes and skin with water, moving to fresh air if inhaled, and seeking medical attention if swallowed.
3. Handling Instructions
Recommended practices include using local exhaust ventilation, providing safety facilities, and wearing appropriate protective equipment. Storage should be in light-shielded, sealed containers within a refrigerated environment.
4. Fire Precautions
Firefighting measures should account for the potential release of toxic gases, with firefighters equipped with personal protective gear.
5. Manufacturing Method
Lithium sulfide production involves heating lithium and sulfur, followed by reduction and further processing under stringent conditions or by reacting lithium hydroxide with hydrogen sulfide in non-protonic organic solvents.