What Is Glycidol?
Glycidol (C3H6O2) is an organic compound containing both an epoxide and a hydroxyl group. Also known as oxiranylmethanol and 2,3-epoxy-1-propanol, it is a colorless to pale yellow liquid with a slight viscosity and a pungent odor.
Uses of Glycidol
Glycidol is used as a reactive diluent for epoxy and alkyd resins, a stabilizer for chlorinated organic compounds, a modifier for synthetic resins, and in dyeability modifications for dyes. It’s also used in organic synthesis and as a raw material for various types of epoxy resin precursors.
Properties of Glycidol
Glycidol has a melting point of -65.2°F (-54°C) and decomposes thermally before boiling at 324°F (162°C). It is insoluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons but soluble in most organic solvents, including water, ethanol, ether, and benzene. Its flash point is 161.6°F (72°C) and its density is 1.112 g/ml.
Other Information on Glycidol
1. Synthesis of Glycidol
Glycidol can be synthesized by reacting allyl alcohol with peracetic acid or hydrogen peroxide. The reaction yields glycidol along with acetic acid or water, respectively. The primary raw material, allyl alcohol, is derived from propylene.
2. Hazards of Glycidol
Exposure to glycidol can irritate eyes, skin, and mucous membranes, and affect the central nervous system. It poses risks of pulmonary edema, pneumonia, and skin sensitization upon long-term exposure. Protective masks, glasses, gloves, and clothing are recommended when handling it.
3. Stability and Reactivity of Glycidol
Glycidol decomposes in contact with strong acids, bases, salts, and metals, posing fire or explosion risks. It may corrode plastics and rubber.
4. Carcinogenicity of Glycidol
Glycidol is classified as a probable carcinogen (Group 2A). Concerns have been raised regarding its presence in glycidol fatty acid esters in cooking oils, leading to voluntary recalls due to the potential health risks.