What Is Dimethyl Carbonate?
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC), an ester of carbonic acid with the formula C3H6O3, is recognized for its flammable properties and is produced primarily in Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. Its use is restricted in consumer and indoor applications due to its flammability, though it is considered safer than some common industrial solvents.
Uses of Dimethyl Carbonate
Primarily used in polycarbonate production, dimethyl carbonate is used in creating materials with high impact resistance and optical clarity, such as DVDs, safety goggles, and automotive parts. It also serves as an electrolyte in lithium-ion batteries and in the formulation of paints, cleaners, and adhesives.
Properties of Dimethyl Carbonate
A colorless, flammable liquid, dimethyl carbonate has a low melting and boiling point, making it a versatile solvent with a low flash point. Its exposure limit is set to 100 ppm over an 8-hour workday, indicating the necessity for caution due to potential methanol poisoning upon ingestion.
Structure of Dimethyl Carbonate
The structure features methyl groups replacing the hydrogen atoms in carbonic acid, giving it a molecular weight of 90.08 g/mol and a specific density range.
Other Information on Dimethyl Carbonate
1. Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate
While traditionally synthesized from phosgene and methanol, modern methods utilize methanol, oxygen, and carbon monoxide catalytically. Industrial production may involve the esterification of ethylene or propylene carbonate with methanol.
2. Reaction of Dimethyl Carbonate
As a methylation agent, dimethyl carbonate offers a less toxic and more environmentally friendly alternative to traditional methylating agents. It can methylate a wide range of organic compounds under specific conditions, emphasizing its utility and versatility in chemical synthesis.