What Is a Battery Materials?
Battery materials refer to the collective term for materials used in the positive electrode, negative electrode, electrolyte, separator, and other components that make up a battery.
The fundamental performance characteristics of a battery—such as capacity, output characteristics, lifespan, and safety—strongly depend on the properties of these materials. Therefore, factors like the chemical composition, crystal structure, particle shape, and interfacial state of the materials are critical elements that determine battery performance. In recent years, driven by the increasing sophistication of mobile devices and the advancement of electrification, there is a growing demand for materials that simultaneously deliver high energy density, long lifespan, and safety.
Furthermore, inorganic materials, organic materials, and composite materials are selected based on the application and usage environment. A key characteristic of Battery Materials is that the battery’s performance changes depending on the combination of materials and the interface design. Materials are chosen based on the characteristics and intended use of the device they are incorporated into.
Applications of Battery Materials
Battery materials form the foundation of products and systems across diverse industrial sectors. Here, we introduce their applications in the electronics, electrical equipment, automotive, and energy industries.
1. Electronics and Electrical Equipment Industry
In the electronics and electrical equipment industry, Battery Materials are used in smartphones, notebook computers, and mobile devices. In the electronics sector, miniaturization and weight reduction are prioritized, demanding materials with high energy density and stable charge/discharge characteristics. Battery Materials directly impact device operating time, performance stability, and cost, necessitating careful selection.
2. Automotive Industry
In the automotive industry, Battery Materials are used for electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid vehicles (HVs). While vehicles require high capacity and output, durability and safety are also critical requirements due to the potential for loss of life in accidents. Consequently, Battery Materials used in automobiles must pass rigorous testing, including durability and performance evaluations.
3. Energy and Infrastructure Industry
Battery materials are utilized in storage batteries within the energy and infrastructure sector. Often deployed alongside renewable energy sources, these batteries require long lifespans and stable operation. Battery materials play a vital role in supporting power supply and demand balancing, as well as ensuring emergency power availability.