What Is Diisopropyl Ether?
Diisopropyl ether (DIPE), also known as isopropyl ether, is an organic compound with the molecular formula C6H14O and the specific structure (CH3)2CH2O. It has a CAS number of 108-20-3. This clear, colorless liquid is characterized by its odor and has a molecular weight of 102.17, a melting point of -60°C, and a boiling point of 68°C. Its density is 0.725 g/mL, and it is extremely soluble in ethanol and diethyl ether but insoluble in water.
Due to its high flammability and low flash point of -6.7°C, diisopropyl ether is classified under strict safety regulations.
Uses of Diisopropyl Ether
Diisopropyl ether is utilized as an extraction solvent in the processing of animal and vegetable oils, mineral oils, waxes, and resins. It also finds applications in pharmaceuticals, fragrance extraction, and the recovery of various acids from aqueous solutions. As a general solvent, it is involved in producing collodion solution, smokeless gunpowder, and rubber cement. Furthermore, it acts as a synthetic raw material in dye manufacturing and serves as an anti-knocking agent in gasoline when mixed with isooctane.
Properties of Diisopropyl Ether
1. Synthesis of Diisopropyl Ether
Diisopropyl ether is primarily synthesized from isopropyl alcohol through reactions with inorganic acids or via the Williamson ether synthesis. It can also be a byproduct in isopropanol production through propylene hydration.
2. Chemical Properties of Diisopropyl Ether
Exposure to light and air can significantly affect diisopropyl ether, leading to the potential formation of explosive peroxides over time. Stabilizers like hydroquinone are often added to prevent peroxide formation. Due to these safety concerns, methyl tertiary butyl ether may be used as a safer alternative in some applications.
Types of Diisopropyl Ether
Diisopropyl ether is available as both R&D reagents and industrial chemicals, with packaging options ranging from small laboratory sizes to large containers suitable for industrial use. Hydroquinone may be added as a stabilizer in certain products to enhance safety during storage and handling.