What Is Hexamethylenediamine?
Hexamethylenediamine, an aliphatic amine with two amino groups (-NH₂), is an important compound in the chemical industry. Also known as hexane-1,6-diamine, 1,6-hexadiamine, and 1,6-diaminohexane, it exhibits basic properties influenced by its structure and substituents.
Uses of Hexamethylenediamine
Primarily, it serves as a key ingredient in the manufacture of nylon 66 and hexamethylene diisocyanate for polyurethane production, showcasing its versatility in creating both industrial products and household goods.
1. Nylon 66
Nylon 66, derived through condensation polymerization of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine, is known for its heat resistance, tensile strength, and chemical resistance. It’s used in automotive components, textiles, and various coatings.
2. Polyurethane
Polyurethane, featuring high tensile strength and elasticity, finds applications in apparel, soundproofing materials, adhesives, and automotive parts, benefiting from its elastic properties.
Properties of Hexamethylenediamine
With the formula H2N(CH2)6NH2 and a molecular weight of 116.20, hexamethylenediamine is a solid at room temperature, soluble in water, and displays strong basicity. It reacts with acids and certain metals and can absorb CO₂ from the air, forming carbonates.
Production and Legal Aspects of Hexamethylenediamine
1. Production Methods
Produced via the ADA method, electrolytic reduction dimerization of acrylonitrile, and hydrocyanation of butadiene, hexamethylenediamine’s production has evolved to optimize cost and efficiency. Alternative methods include the diol, caprolactam, and propylene-allyl chloride processes.
2. Legal Status
Regulated under various laws due to its flammable and deleterious properties, hexamethylenediamine requires careful handling and storage to prevent environmental and health risks.
3. Handling and Storage Precautions
Special precautions include avoiding storage with acidic substances, using moisture-protective packaging, and careful handling to prevent metal corrosion. Storage in non-iron containers is recommended to mitigate moisture absorption and corrosive effects.