What Is Sawing Machinery?
Sawing machinery refers to machines designed to cut workpieces by rotating a blade equipped with a saw blade. These machines are automatic and use hand tools, such as saws and thread saws, to cut workpieces by pressing them against a fixed saw. Large sawing machinery, which is heavy and accommodates large workpieces, is secured using hydraulic pressure, and the rotating saw descends to cut the workpiece.
Uses of Sawing Machinery
Sawing machinery plays a crucial role in the initial stages of the machining process, cutting metal or other cast materials to desired sizes for further processing by other machine tools. The selection of saw type depends on the workpiece material, with options including high-speed tool steel, cemented carbide, or diamond for particularly challenging materials. The saw’s rotational speed can be adjusted to suit hard materials. Sawing machinery is categorized into three main types: for cutting steel, wood, and food.
1. Tabletop Type
Horizontal Type
The most common form of sawing machinery is the tabletop horizontal type, used for cutting metal pipes, square timbers, plates, and round bars.
Vertical Type
The vertical type, less common, is suited for cutting soft materials such as wood and aluminum.
2. Portable Type for Easy Transportation
Portable sawing machines, often rechargeable, facilitate cutting materials in inaccessible locations or at heights.
3. Stationary Type for Floor Placement
Large, industrial-grade sawing machinery, available in horizontal and vertical configurations, is designed for stationary use on the floor.
Principle of Sawing Machinery
Sawing machinery achieves cleaner cuts than other cutting tools by rotating blades in a consistent direction, reducing sparks and burrs. This is because the blades rotate slowly, unlike high-speed chip saws.
1. Tabletop Type for Desk Placement
Horizontal Type
The machine’s weight lowers the blade, enabling light-force cutting.
Vertical Type
The vertical type presses materials against the blade for cutting, allowing for curved cuts and angled cuts by tilting the table.
2. Portable Type for Mobility
Designed for portability, some models can also be used as tabletop machines with an optional stand.
3. Hybrid Type
A combination of tabletop and portable types, these sawing machines offer flexibility, with detachable tables and units for varied use cases.
4. Caster Type
Designed for cutting large steel pipes and materials without the need for transportation.
Types of Sawing Machinery
1. Band Sawing Machine
Band sawing machines use a high-speed rotating band-shaped blade to cut materials, offering smooth cuts in one direction. Available in vertical, horizontal, and portable types, they are versatile for cutting circular bars, pipes, and steel materials.
2. Circular Sawing Machinery
Circular sawing machines, utilizing disk-shaped blades, are known for high efficiency and rigidity, suitable for cutting large materials. They come with various blade types, including chip saws for precise cutting, metal saws for reusability, and grinding wheels for cost-effectiveness, despite the potential for sparks and dust.
3. Bow Sawing Machinery
Bow sawing machines, ideal for cutting circular bars, operate with an automatic reciprocating motion. They are not recommended for cutting small diameter bars (10 mm or less) to avoid bending and damaging the blade.