What Is a Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Panel?
Fiberglass-reinforced plastic (FRP) panels are made from fiber-reinforced plastics, which combine glass and carbon fibers—materials known for high tensile strength and rigidity—with lightweight plastics. This composition results in panels that are lightweight yet exhibit high strength and rigidity. The type of fiber used can vary, leading to different types of reinforced plastics such as CFRP (Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastics), GFRP (Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics), and AFRP (Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastics).
FRP panels are not only used for large parts due to their strength but are also suitable for smaller components that require resistance to punching.
Uses of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Panels
Due to their thin, lightweight, and strong nature, FRP panels are utilized in a diverse range of applications, from everyday items to industrial products. Small-sized FRP panels are used in radio-controlled car frames and handmade lure lips, while larger applications include ship construction, factory light roofing materials, sports car aero parts, and even airplanes.
Principle of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Panels
FRP panels are created by impregnating reinforcing fibers with matrix resin. The strength and rigidity of the panels depend on the fiber type, its arrangement, and the fiber-to-resin ratio. During manufacturing, protective gel coat resin is applied to a mold, followed by shaping of the glass fibers. Layers of plastic resin are then applied, and the process is repeated until the desired thickness is achieved. Commonly used base materials include polyester resin, vinyl ester resin, epoxy resin, and phenolic resin.
Other Information on Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Panels
Characteristics of Fiberglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Panels
FRP panels exhibit several key characteristics:
- Lightweight and High Strength: FRP panels are significantly lighter than metal materials while maintaining comparable strength. They have a specific gravity much lower than iron or aluminum and a specific strength several times higher than steel.
- High Environmental Resistance: Unlike steel, FRP panels do not rust, and unlike wood, they do not rot. However, this durability poses challenges in terms of recycling and environmental impact.
- Good Weather Resistance: The resin coating on FRP panels protects against environmental deterioration. Even if the resin wears, the underlying fibers maintain the panel’s strength. The material’s resistance to UV rays and rain makes it a popular choice for roofing, particularly in parking lots to block heat rays.