What Is EtherCAT?
EtherCAT (Ethernet for Control Automation Technology) is an industrial network standard compatible with Ethernet, designed for high-speed, efficient, and precise synchronization in field networks.
It connects various elements like computers, controllers, and drive devices (sensors, measuring instruments, motors) in industrial networks. EtherCAT is distinct from LAN used in information systems and is recognized for its high-speed communication capabilities.
The EtherCAT Technology Group (ETG) defines its functional requirements and certifications, with about 2,400 member companies worldwide.
Uses of EtherCAT
EtherCAT is widely used in industrial automation, efficiently connecting drive devices, controllers, and computers. It is applicable in various industries including robotics, welding, cranes, measurement devices, and more.
Principles of EtherCAT
EtherCAT allows flexible connection forms like line, tree, star, and daisy-chain. In a daisy-chain setup, information transfer follows a bucket relay fashion, where each slave processes relevant instructions and forwards the frame.
Configuration of EtherCAT
The network consists of a master control device and slaves (input/output devices). Connections can vary, and devices are typically connected using RJ45 twisted-pair cables. EtherCAT frames are inserted into Ethernet frames for transmission.
Types of EtherCAT
EtherCAT has evolved to include EtherCAT P, EtherCAT Automation Protocol (EAP), and Safety over EtherCAT (FSoE).
1. EtherCAT P
EtherCAT P integrates power supply with EtherCAT communication, reducing the need for additional cabling and supporting device miniaturization.
2. EtherCAT Automation Protocol (EAP)
EAP allows higher-level operating devices on a generic LAN to control EtherCAT-connected devices.
3. Safety over EtherCAT (FSoE)
FSoE focuses on safety in factory control through EtherCAT communication.
Other Information on EtherCAT
1. Difference from Ethernet
EtherCAT uses Ethernet frames but bypasses TCP/IP protocol processing for higher speed. It requires hardware capable of withstanding industrial environments and has a connection limit of 65,535 devices.
2. Performance
EtherCAT is one of the fastest industrial Ethernet technologies, with low CPU load and high-speed communication capabilities.
3. EtherCAT Slave and Master
Diverse EtherCAT slaves are available, and custom development is possible. Any PC with an RJ45 Ethernet port can serve as an EtherCAT master, simplifying the implementation.