What Is Drawing Processing?
Drawing processing is a machining method in which a metal material is pulled through a die to deform it into a specific shape and thickness. This method is a subset of plastic processing, where the material’s thickness is gradually reduced using dies of varying diameters. It differs from extrusion processing in that it does not typically require high temperatures.
By using sequentially smaller dies, drawing processing can continuously refine a workpiece to the desired thickness. This method is particularly effective for mass-producing elongated or slender parts, such as syringe needles, wires, automotive shafts, and rail components.
Drawing processing is crucial in industries requiring precision, like medical and industrial manufacturing, and can produce micro-sized components, exemplified in items like bonding wires for LSI or semiconductor materials.
Principles of Drawing Processing
The principle of drawing processing involves pulling metal through a smaller-diameter die, stretching it to a thinner, longer form. This process increases the tensile strength of the metal and produces minimal waste, making it ideal for expensive materials. Drawing also provides faster, efficient mass production compared to cutting or grinding and results in a polished metal surface. However, it requires lubrication to prevent sticking, and dies must be periodically replaced due to wear.
Types of Drawing Processing
Drawing processing includes four main types: simple, tube, roller die, and turks head drawing. Each type has specific applications and uses different machines:
1. Simple Drawing Processing
This straightforward method involves directly pulling the material, typically representing drawing processing in general.
2. Tube Drawing Processing
Used for creating hollow structures, tube drawing includes methods like hollow drawing, core drawing with a mandrel, and float plug drawing for thin tubes.
3. Roller Die Drawing Processing
This method uses rotating rollers to minimize force and prevent deformation during pulling.
4. Turks Head Drawing Processing
Turks head drawing involves pulling material through multidirectional rollers, allowing for versatile shaping from round to square bars.