What Is a Switch?
A switch is a component or device that switches function of a circuit, switching it’s position from on and off.
How a Switch Works
The mechanism of a switch in an electric circuit is that the position of the contact point changes when a button is pressed or a lever is pulled down, and the circuit is switched or interrupted when the contact points in the electric circuit are connected or separated.
Example of a Household Light Switch
In a two-story house, a light switch is installed next to the staircase connecting the first and second floors, and the light can be switched on and off at either end. Here is a brief explanation of how this works. The assumption is that the switches on the first and second floors both have contacts that connect to Circuit A or Circuit B.
- If both the first and second floor switches are connected to Circuit A, the current can travel around Circuit A and the light will turn on.
- If either the first or second floor is connected to Circuit A and either to Circuit B, the circuit will be interrupted and the light will turn off.
- If both first and second floors are connected to Circuit B, the current can travel around Circuit B and the light will turn on.
Thus, switches can switch the mode of operation of a facility or turn lights on and off by switching which circuit carries the current or interrupts the current.
Types of Switches
There are various types of switches, some of which are listed below according to the type of switching method.
1. Push-Button Switch
The circuit is connected only when it is pushed in, and when the finger is released, the spring returns to shut off the circuit.
2. Seesaw Switch
Push in the protruding end to switch the circuit. This type of switch is often used for home lighting. It is sometimes called a rocker switch.
3. Toggle Switch
A toggle switch is mainly used to switch between on and off by pulling down the lever. Most commonly installed in the driver’s cabs of trains and airplanes.
4. Rotary Switch
Rotating the knob switches the circuit. Used to switch between multiple modes, adjust speed, etc.