What Is Pyridoxal?
Pyridoxal, a form of vitamin B6 within the B group vitamins, is identified by the chemical formula C8H9NO3 and has a molecular weight of 167.16. It can be synthesized from pyridoxine through oxidation and hydrolysis processes.
In the human body, pyridoxal is converted to 4-pyridoxic acid by pyridoxal dehydrogenase before being excreted in the urine.
Pyridoxal Uses
As a crucial vitamin B6 component, pyridoxal participates in numerous biochemical reactions. Its deficiency can lead to skin lesions, glossitis, anemia, and neurological issues, making it vital in medicinal and nutritional applications. Pyridoxal is administered to prevent and treat vitamin B6 deficiency and is essential for individuals with dietary restrictions, such as pregnant and breastfeeding women. Common side effects include rash and digestive issues.
Beyond its medical use, pyridoxal is added to foods and beverages as a fortifying agent and dietary supplement.
Properties of Pyridoxal
Pyridoxal is water-soluble, with its stability and form varying by pH. While stable to heat, it’s sensitive to oxidation and alkaline conditions. Absorbed in the small intestine and processed in the liver, pyridoxal plays a role in amino acid metabolism as pyridoxal-5′-phosphate (PLP), a coenzyme for various enzymatic reactions.
Structure of Pyridoxal
Distinctive for its pyridine ring, pyridoxal’s structure includes a hydroxy group at the 3-position and an aldehyde group at the 4-position, critical for its coenzyme activity in amino acid metabolism.
Other Information on Pyridoxal
Pyridoxal Production Methods
Chemically synthesized, common production methods involve the condensation of 5-hydroxynicotinamide and acetone, among others. The choice of method depends on raw material availability and production costs.