What Is Creatinine?
Creatinine, with the chemical formula C4H7N3O and a molecular weight of 113.1179, is a metabolite from muscle creatine phosphate metabolism. It is produced in the liver, kidneys, and pancreas, and then transported to the muscles for conversion.
Uses of Creatinine
Creatinine serves as a biomarker in biochemical tests to assess muscle mass and renal function. Its concentration correlates with muscle mass. Variations in creatinine levels can indicate muscle mass changes or kidney dysfunction.
Properties of Creatinine
This non-protein nitrogen compound is highly soluble in water, not bound to plasma proteins, and has a half-life of approximately 2 hours. It’s a key biological indicator for evaluating kidney function.
Structure of Creatinine
Creatinine has a five-membered ring structure, produced from creatine through a non-enzymatic dehydration reaction. It shares chemical similarities with guanine.
Other Information on Creatinine
Production of Creatinine
Industrial production of creatinine is limited. It involves synthesizing creatine from amino acids like glycine, followed by a dehydration reaction using acids to produce creatinine, which is then purified through chromatography or recrystallization.