What Is Octane?
Octane is the generic name for saturated hydrocarbons (alkanes) consisting of eight carbons, with 24 isomers including 18 structures of isomers and 6 stereoisomers. It is a key component in crude oil and petroleum, used industrially in various applications.
Uses of Octane
Octane serves primarily as a solvent in standard fuels, organic synthesis, and azeotropic distillation. It is used in solvents for nitrocellulose, acetylcellulose, synthetic resins, alcohol-soluble dyes, moisture-proof cellophane adhesives, quick-drying varnishes, and enamels. Isooctane, a branch of n-octane, is crucial for measuring octane numbers in fuels.
Properties of Octane
The molecular formula of n-Octane is C8H18, with a molecular weight of 114.22. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a gasoline-like odor, a melting point of -56.76°C, and a boiling point of 125.67°C. Octane is almost insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and acetone, and miscible with benzene. It is highly flammable, and combustion produces toxic gases like carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.
Other Information on Octane
1. Toxicity of Octane
Octane can cause skin and eye irritation, drowsiness, and dizziness, and is toxic if swallowed or inhaled. It poses environmental hazards to aquatic life. Proper disposal by specialized waste disposal companies is required.
2. Precautions When Handling Octane
Protective gloves, clothing, and eye protection are recommended during handling. Explosion-proof electrical, ventilation, and lighting equipment are essential, along with measures against electrostatic discharge. Facilities like eye washers and safety showers should be accessible in the work area.
3. How to Store Octane
Octane should be stored in fireproof, noncombustible structures with impermeable floors. Containers should be sealed and stored in a cool, well-ventilated place, away from heat, sparks, flames, and oxidizers.