What Is Sodium Nitrite?
Sodium nitrite, a colorless to pale yellow crystalline powder, is the sodium salt of nitrous acid with the chemical formula NaNO2, molecular weight 69.01, and CAS No. 7632-00-0. It is recognized as a food additive under JIS standards for both industrial chemicals and reagents.
Structure of Sodium Nitrite
The molecule comprises a sodium cation (Na+) and a nitrite anion (NO2–), with a bent structure between the nitrogen and oxygen atoms.
Properties of Sodium Nitrite
1. Physical Properties
With a melting point of 270°C and a decomposition temperature of 320°C, sodium nitrite is deliquescent, highly water-soluble, and displays slight solubility in alcohol and ether. Its aqueous solutions are mildly alkaline.
2. Other Characteristics
Its interaction with meat amines can form nitrosamines, potential carcinogens, sparking health concerns related to cancer risk.
Uses of Sodium Nitrite
1. Food Additive
As a food additive, it is crucial for coloration and preservation in meats like ham, sausage, and bacon, enhancing flavor, reducing odors, and preventing botulinum bacteria growth.
2. Medical Supplies
Used as a disinfectant for medical tools and a vasodilator for cyanide poisoning treatment, sodium nitrite holds significant medical utility.
3. Industrial and Analytical Uses
Its application extends to rust prevention in concrete, synthesis of organic compounds, textile bleaching, metal surface treatment, and as an analytical reagent.
Other Information on Sodium Nitrite
1. Manufacturing Process
Produced by the reaction of sodium hydroxide with nitrogen oxides, sodium nitrite’s industrial synthesis involves specific chemical processes.
2. Regulatory Information
Regulated due to its toxic and oxidizing properties, sodium nitrite requires careful handling as per the Poisonous and Deleterious Substances Control Law and other regulations.
3. Handling and Storage Precautions
Storage and handling precautions include keeping it in a cool, dry place, using protective gear, and following safety measures to prevent accidents and health issues.