What Is Hexanone?
Hexanone is a ketone characterized by the chemical formula C6H12O, encompassing two isomers: 2-hexanone and 3-hexanone. These organic compounds feature a CO carbonyl group substituted at the 2- or 3-position on a linear hexane carbon chain.
The CAS registration numbers for 2-hexanone and 3-hexanone are 591-78-6 and 589-38-8, respectively. Hexanal represents another class of isomers with a carbonyl group at the 1-position, classified as aldehydes.
Uses of Hexanone
2-hexanone is primarily used in solvents and paints, noted for its excellent solubility in cellulose nitrate, vinyl polymers, copolymers, natural, and synthetic resins. Its photochemical inertness makes it a preferred solvent for synthesizing natural product-derived and optically active organic compounds.
Similarly, 3-hexanone serves as a solvent in organic synthesis. Both isomers are also important intermediates in organic synthesis processes.
Properties of Hexanone
1. Properties of 2-Hexanone
Known as methyl butyl ketone, 2-hexanone features a molecular weight of 100.16, with a melting point of -55.5°C and a boiling point of 127.6°C. It appears as a clear colorless to pale yellow liquid with a strong acetone-like odor and has a density of 0.8113 g/mL. It is soluble in ethanol and acetone, slightly soluble in water, with a flash point of 35°C.
2. Properties of 3-Hexanone
Also referred to as ethyl propyl ketone, 3-hexanone has a molecular weight of 100.16, with a melting point of -55°C and a boiling point of 123°C. It is a clear, colorless to slightly yellow liquid with a density of 0.814 g/mL and water solubility of 14 g/L. Notably flammable, it has a low flash point of 14°C.
Types of Hexanone
Both 2-hexanone and 3-hexanone are available as reagent products in 5mL and 25mL volumes, designed for ease of use in laboratory settings. They are typically stored and handled at room temperature.
Other Information on Hexanone
1. Reactivity of Hexanone
Under proper storage conditions, both isomers are stable, although 2-hexanone vapor/air mixtures may become explosive when heated. Avoid high temperatures to prevent explosive scenarios.
Combustion of these compounds produces carbon oxides, necessitating storage away from ignition sources. They react with oxidizing agents and strong bases.
2. Hexanone Hazardousness
Both isomers are flammable as liquids and vapors. 2-hexanone is particularly notable for its metabolism into 2,5-hexanedione, a neurotoxic compound. Hazards include strong eye irritation, potential fertility or fetal harm, respiratory irritation, and risks of drowsiness, dizziness, and long-term nervous system damage.
3. Regulatory Information on Hexanone
Due to their hazardous nature, both 2-hexanone and 3-hexanone are regulated. Compliance with these regulations is mandatory for safe handling.