What Is Zinc Carbonate?
Zinc carbonate, a white powdery substance with a tetragonal crystal structure, is typically known as basic zinc carbonate. While its molecular formula is ZnCO3, the industry often uses the formula 2ZnCO3-3Zn(OH)2-H2O due to its variable composition. It occurs naturally in the form of rhyozinc ore and decomposes at 140°C to form zinc oxide and carbon dioxide.
Basic zinc carbonate is produced by reacting zinc salt solutions with alkali carbonates. It is virtually insoluble in water.
Uses of Zinc Carbonate
Zinc carbonate is used in various applications, such as a pigment in ceramics painting, an ingredient in pharmaceutical ointments, and as a food additive. It serves as a fire retardant for wood and other materials. Additionally, it is utilized in rubber compounding, galvanizing, as a catalyst, and in livestock feed to prevent zinc deficiency.
When zinc carbonate is heated, it yields zinc oxide, which is used in liquid crystal fluorescent tubes and as UV protection. Zinc plating on steel plates and frames helps prevent rust. Exposed zinc surfaces form a protective layer of zinc hydroxide, which oxidizes into zinc carbonate, contributing to its rust-preventive properties.