What Is Resorcinol?
Resorcinol is a colorless crystalline powder, an organic compound with the formula C6H6O2, a molecular weight of 110.11, and CAS number 108-46-3. It features two hydroxy groups attached at the meta positions of the benzene ring, classifying it as a benzenediol and a structural isomer of catechol and hydroquinone. Discovered by Austrian chemist Heinrich Frachevitz in 1864, resorcinol was originally called benzene-1,3-diol as recommended by the IUPAC in 1993.
Properties of Resorcinol
Resorcinol melts at 109~111°C and boils at 280°C, with a specific gravity of 1.27, appearing as a colorless solid at room temperature. It is insoluble in chloroform and carbon disulfide but highly soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, and absorbs moisture from the air. Resorcinol can oxidize under light and oxygen, turning pink, necessitating careful storage.
Uses of Resorcinol
Primarily, resorcinol is used in industrial adhesives for tire manufacturing and wood adhesives, offering excellent water, heat, and weather resistance. It also serves as a disinfectant due to its strong reducing power and is a precursor for fluorescent dyes among other applications.
Other Information on Resorcinol
1. Production Process of Resorcinol
Resorcinol synthesis involves dialkylation of propylene to 1,3-diisopropylbenzene, followed by oxidation and Hock rearrangement, yielding resorcinol and acetone. Industrially, it is produced via the oxidation of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene using Cumene‘s autoxidation process.
2. Reaction of Resorcinol
Resorcinol can be hydrogenated to dihydroresorcinol, or 1,3-cyclohexanedione, and reacts with potassium hydroxide to produce phloroglucinol, pyrocatechol, and diresorcinol. Trinitroresorcinol, an explosive, is made through nitration with concentrated nitric acid and sulfuric acid.
3. Regulatory Information
Resorcinol is a notable hazardous substance and is designated as a deleterious substance. It necessitates careful handling.
4. Handling and Storage Precautions
- Store away from heat, sparks, and flames in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place.
- Avoid exposure to strong oxidizers, ammonia, and amino compounds, and do not inhale dust or vapors.
- Wear protective gear including gloves, eye protection, and masks, and ensure proper ventilation during use.
- Follow proper glove removal techniques and wash hands thoroughly after handling.