What Is Cobalt Nitrate?
Cobalt nitrate, also known as cobalt (II) nitrate, is an inorganic compound found in various forms, including anhydrous, trihydrate, and hexahydrate, with the most commercially available form being hexahydrate. It is subject to multiple regulatory classifications due to its hazardous nature.
Uses of Cobalt Nitrate
Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate is utilized in several applications, such as a material for petrochemical and cobalt catalysts, in pigments for ceramics, for ablative inks, and as a test reagent. Additionally:
1. Rechargeable Batteries
It plays a critical role in the production of various rechargeable batteries, including nickel-cadmium, nickel-metal hydride, lithium-ion batteries, and fuel cells, by preventing corrosion of the positive electrode and serving as a conductor in nickel electrodes.
2. Surface Treatment
Cobalt nitrate is employed in plating chemicals and surface treatment agents, particularly for alloyed hot-dip galvanized steel sheets in automotive and construction materials, as well as for copper foil in printed circuit boards.
Properties of Cobalt Nitrate
The compound comes in anhydrous, trihydrate, and hexahydrate forms, each with distinct properties:
1. Anhydride
The anhydrous form, Co(NO3)2, is a red solid with a melting point of 100-105°C, produced through specific chemical reactions involving hexahydrate and dinitrogen pentoxide or by reacting silver nitrate with cobalt.
2. Hexahydrate
Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, Co(NO3)2・6H2O, is a red crystal that is deliquescent, easily soluble in water, and forms a reddish-brown acidic liquid in solution. It transitions between hexahydrate and trihydrate forms based on temperature.
This compound is not flammable but can act as a catalyst in the combustion of other substances due to its oxidizing properties.
Other Information About Cobalt Nitrate
1. Production
Cobalt nitrate is synthesized by reacting cobalt metal, oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with dilute nitric acid, following specific chemical equations.
2. Safety Information
Handling cobalt nitrate requires protective gear, including masks, goggles, and gloves. It should be stored in airtight containers to prevent moisture absorption and kept away from combustible materials due to fire risk. Immediate medical attention is advised if it contacts the skin or eyes, or if inhaled or ingested.