月: 2023年3月

What Is a Lever Chain Hoist?

A lever chain hoist is a mechanical tool used for lifting and securing loads. It consists of two hooks, one attached to the hoist body and the other to the end of the chain. By operating the lever, the chain tightens or loosens, enabling the raising or lowering of the load. Lever chain hoists incorporate a ratchet mechanism in the hoisting part, allowing for repeated action during operation. Notably, they are lightweight, compact, and more portable compared to chain blocks, which serve a similar function.

Uses of Lever Chain Hoists

Lever chain hoists are versatile tools used in various scenarios such as lifting, lowering, and securing loads. For instance, they can be used to vertically raise or lower a load by attaching one hook to the ceiling and the other to the load. Additionally, they are effective for securing loads onto truck beds or carts by tightening the chain to prevent slippage. These hoists are widely utilized in factory maintenance, on-site work, and logistics. The selection of an appropriate lever chain hoist should be based on the weight of the load and the hoist’s load capacity.

Principle of Lever Chain Hoists

The operation of a lever chain hoist involves turning the lever, which rotates an internal gear (ratchet part), and winding the chain in the process. This setup allows for greater torque when pulling the chain compared to direct pulling. The ratchet mechanism ensures unidirectional rotation for tightening, while also providing a braking function to prevent loosening. The free rotation of the hook portion enables tightening at various angles.

Most models have a knob setting for tightening, loosening, and sometimes a neutral (idle) position, allowing the chain to be pulled by hand to a certain extent before final tightening with the knob. The hook is usually equipped with a detachable stopper for safety during work, preventing accidental disengagement. When fastening, it’s important to adjust the direction of the hook carefully to avoid interference with the load and the stopper mechanism.

What Is KVM Virtualization?

Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM) Virtualization is a technology that operates on the Linux operating system. It allows for the creation of multiple virtual servers on a single physical server, effectively reducing initial investment costs by running several virtual PCs on one physical PC. These virtual environments replicate the functionality of physical PCs, including components like memory, CPU, and storage.

Uses of KVM Virtualization

KVM Virtualization is commonly utilized in business settings for leveraging existing data. For instance, when the support period for an OS or software on an older PC expires, posing a security risk, KVM Virtualization can facilitate the transition to a new PC. This is particularly useful when the hardware of the new PC is not compatible with the old software. By creating a virtualized environment, data and applications from the old system can be seamlessly moved to the new hardware.

Principle of KVM Virtualization

KVM Virtualization is based on Linux, a type of operating system that supports the functioning of PCs. Linux is known for being open source and free, unlike commercial operating systems like Windows and macOS which require license fees. This open-source nature leads to a wide variety of Linux distributions, developed by people globally, with Ubuntu being one of the most famous for server applications.

Linux tends to be lighter than other operating systems, making it suitable for older PCs. However, its operation can be more complex, often requiring command-line knowledge and familiarity with specific commands.

What Is an All-Purpose Cutter?

An all-purpose cutter, found under various names such as cardboard cutter, cardboard saw, safety cutter, carton cutter, and more, is a cutter specifically designed for unpacking cardboard boxes and other materials. These cutters come in a wide range of functional designs, improving safety and workability in unpacking operations.

Uses of All-Purpose Cutters

All-purpose cutters are primarily utilized for opening and cutting cardboard boxes. They are especially beneficial in settings like factories and stores, where there’s a frequent need for unpacking, enhancing both safety and efficiency. For home use, they offer a quick and safe solution for unpacking parcels or moving boxes. They can handle various materials, including different types of tape, PP bands, stretch film, corrugated cardboard boxes, and staples.

Principle of All-Purpose Cutters

1. Hook

All-purpose cutters often feature a hook-type design, providing a safer cutting experience by housing the blade inside the hook. This design is particularly effective in preventing damage to the contents of boxes when cutting materials like PP bands or stretch film, where traditional cutter knives might pose a risk.

2. Short Blade

Some all-purpose cutters come with a short blade of about 5 mm, ideal for tearing tape without damaging the contents inside the cardboard. These blades are usually made of thicker, more durable materials, enhancing safety and reducing contamination risks.

3. Jagged Blades

Certain all-purpose cutters are equipped with serrated blades, which are less sharp than typical utility knife blades and therefore safer. These double-edged blades are capable of cutting various materials without slipping, making them particularly useful for cutting cardboard in a saw-like motion.

How to Choose All-Purpose Cutters

The choice of an all-purpose cutter should be based on the specific requirements of the unpacking tasks. Hook-type cutters are recommended for sites frequently using PP bands or stretch film, while compact types with short blades are suitable for tape. For disassembling cardboard boxes or dealing with staples, cutters with serrated blades are advantageous.

What Is a Misting Fan?

A misting fan combines the functions of a fan and a humidifier. It works by utilizing the heat of vaporization from evaporating water to cool down spaces or objects, potentially lowering temperatures by up to 5 °C. These fans are available in various types, from small tabletop units to portable and large commercial models. They’re often used as humidifiers in dry periods like winter, as the mist they produce evaporates into the air.

Uses of Misting Fans

Misting fans serve dual purposes: as cooling fans in hot summer months and as humidifiers during dry seasons. They come in several forms, including small portable models that are battery-operated and safe for children, tabletop versions for personal use, floor-standing models for room cooling and humidification, and large commercial units for factories, workshops, and outdoor events. These larger models help prevent heat stroke and dust in work environments and are also used for humidifying agricultural products. Proper ventilation is crucial when using these fans in large spaces like factories to avoid excessive humidity.

Principle of Misting Fans

1. Ultrasonic Type

Ultrasonic misting fans use sound waves, typically of frequencies several MHz, to generate mist. These high-frequency waves create fine droplets from the surface of the liquid, which are then blown out as humidified air by a blower. When this mist evaporates, it cools the surrounding air by absorbing heat, thereby functioning as a humidifier.

2. Nozzle Spray Type

In commercial applications, nozzle spray types like the one-fluid nozzle and two-fluid nozzle are common. The one-fluid nozzle method sprays high-pressure water through a nozzle to create mist, while the two-fluid nozzle method uses high-pressure air. These methods effectively disperse mist into a space when combined with an electric fan.

Other Information on Misting Fans

1. Placement of Misting Fans

Proper placement of misting fans is essential to prevent condensation, mold, and stains on walls and floors. The optimal location is in the center of the room, away from walls and electrical appliances. Placing the fan about 70 cm above the floor can help minimize floor and ceiling condensation.

2. Precautions When Using a Misting Fan

The quality of water used in misting fans is crucial. Tap water, which contains chlorine, is recommended for its sterilizing properties. To avoid spreading bacteria, avoid using purified, heat-sterilized, or mineral water in these fans.

What Is a Lifting Belt?

Lifting belts, also known as sling belts or slings, are utilized for hoisting heavy equipment in industries and construction sites. These belts play a crucial role in ensuring worker safety by providing a secure means of lifting loads. Made from flexible, soft materials, they adapt to various shapes and sizes of objects without causing damage.

Choosing the right lifting belt for the load’s weight and shape and attaching it properly are essential to prevent accidents. Damaged belts should be promptly repaired or replaced to maintain safety standards.

Uses of Lifting Belts

Lifting belts serve multiple purposes across different sectors, such as:

1. Construction Sites

They are instrumental in lifting concrete blocks and steel structures for buildings, ensuring these heavy components are securely attached to cranes for installation.

2. Manufacturing Industry

In factories, lifting belts facilitate the safe movement of large machinery and parts, aiding in the assembly line’s supply chain.

3. Warehouses

These belts enable the storage of products on high racks and assist in the efficient loading and unloading of trucks and containers, streamlining warehouse operations.

Principle of Lifting Belts

Lifting belts operate on fundamental physics principles, supporting the load’s weight and distributing it evenly across their length to facilitate lifting by cranes or hoists. Made primarily from synthetic fibers like nylon, polyester, and polyethylene, these belts offer various strengths and resistances suitable for different applications.

How to Select Lifting Belts

Key factors to consider when choosing a lifting belt include:

1. Maximum Load

Ensure the belt’s load capacity exceeds the weight of the intended load to avoid overloading and potential accidents.

2. Dimensions

Select a belt with appropriate length and width to cover the lifting distance and provide sufficient friction for secure handling.

3. Material

Choose a belt material based on the lifting environment and load characteristics, considering factors like load capacity, abrasion resistance, and environmental resilience.

What Is a Cargo Sling?

A cargo sling is a bag-shaped tool used for carrying cargo. It is typically hoisted with a crane or similar equipment and is utilized in various fields like construction, civil engineering, agriculture, fishery, and landscaping. A cargo sling comprises a belt and seat.

Items to be transported are placed in the net portion and lifted using equipment like a crane. Different cargo sling types are available, varying in sheet material, belt length, and load capacity.

Uses of Cargo Slings

Cargo slings are employed in numerous industries, including construction, civil engineering, agriculture, and fishing, for transporting materials such as rocks, soil, snow, or marine products. Choosing the right cargo sling for the specific application is crucial. They are not suited for objects with unstable centers of gravity, and caution is needed when transporting sharp objects or those that may tear the sheet. When carrying snow or soil, the sling can become heavy due to water absorption. Thus, waterproof cargo slings are also available.

Principles of Cargo Slings

The main types of cargo slings include:

• Belt Cargo Slings: Used mainly in construction and civil engineering.
• Cloth Cargo Slings: Ideal for transporting gravel, soil, and similar materials.
• Sheet Cargo Slings: Suitable for small objects not carried by wire cargo slings.
• Rubber Cargo Slings: Flexible and easy to store or transport due to rubber construction.
• Wire Cargo Slings: Comprising a wire net, these are robust and ideal for carrying sharp stones and iron scraps. They are heavy but suitable for underwater use due to their water resistance.

Standard cargo sling designs include mask-shaped (with two points on each side), 4-point sling, 8-point sling, 4-point bottomless sling, and 4-point mesh sling.

What Is a UV Resistant Sheet?

UV resistant sheets are materials designed to block ultraviolet (UV) rays, offering protection against sunlight and UV radiation outdoors. These sheets prevent UV-induced material deterioration and color fading, extending the service life of the objects they cover. They are particularly beneficial for maintaining the vivid colors of outdoor advertisements and banners over time.

However, the effectiveness of UV resistant sheets varies by quality, with lower-quality options providing less UV protection and potentially degrading faster. It’s crucial to choose high-quality sheets from reputable manufacturers to ensure adequate UV resistance.

Uses of UV Resistant Sheets

UV resistant sheets are utilized in various sectors for their UV blocking and weather-resistant properties.

1. Outdoor Advertisements

They are commonly employed in the outdoor advertising industry for signboards, banners, and advertising panels, helping maintain color vibrancy and visibility over time.

2. Automotive Industry

Used for window films, headlight and taillight covers, and interior trims in vehicles, these sheets provide UV protection and enhance weather resistance.

3. Construction

Applied to window glass and exterior panels of buildings, UV resistant sheets protect interiors from UV rays, preventing harm and material deterioration while maintaining the building’s appearance.

Principle of UV Resistant Sheets

UV resistant sheets work by incorporating UV-absorbing materials like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide into their composition, which block or absorb UV rays while allowing visible light to pass through. This selective absorption or reflection protects objects from UV damage without significantly altering visibility through the sheet.

How to Select UV Resistant Sheets

Key considerations for selecting a UV resistant sheet include:

1. UV Resistance

Verify the sheet’s UV resistance level, favoring those with added UV absorbers for enhanced protection. Choose sheets appropriate for outdoor use, capable of withstanding weather conditions.

2. Transparency

Consider the sheet’s transparency to ensure it allows for the passage of visible light, especially important for applications like architectural windows.

3. Dimensions

UV resistant sheets are often available in rolls and should be cut to size based on the application needs, such as for advertising banners or signs.

4. Thickness

The sheet’s thickness impacts its durability and UV protection level, with thicker sheets generally offering better protection but less flexibility, affecting suitability for certain uses.

What Are Grip Work Gloves?

Grip work gloves are gloves designed with a non-slip rubber surface on the palm side, enhancing the ability to grip and handle objects securely.

The back of these gloves features a mesh of nylon or polyester fibers, allowing efficient airflow. This design ensures breathability, preventing discomfort even during extended use. The gloves remain comfortable without swelling, even after prolonged periods of work. The palm side is coated with materials such as natural rubber, polyurethane, nitrile, or vinyl chloride.

Uses of Grip Work Gloves

Grip work gloves find application in a wide range of fields, including civil engineering, construction, transportation, agriculture, gardening, machine maintenance, automotive, metal parts processing, assembly painting, precision assembly, inspection, packing, and warehouse work. These gloves excel where a secure grip is essential for extended periods.

Examples of usage scenarios include:

• Indoor construction work
• Gardening, DIY projects, load carrying, and more
• Handling heavy loads like lumber
• Tasks involving oils, such as machine parts assembly
• Wood deck assembly and disassembly, tree pruning, cleaning, weed removal, and more
• Bicycle and motorcycle maintenance
• Forestry work
• Firewood loading
• Metal rasping and drilling
• Scaffolding assembly and disassembly during painting

Features of Grip Work Gloves

Grip work gloves come with various coatings, including natural rubber, nitrile, vinyl chloride, and polyurethane, chosen based on the intended use.

Nylon gloves coated with natural rubber on the palm side offer softness, even in low temperatures. They are thin, well-fitting, and ideal for detailed work. While they provide durability and a strong grip, their resistance to oil and solvents is limited.

Nitrile-coated gloves excel in oil and abrasion resistance. They resist oil, punctures, and abrasions, have a thin profile, and offer excellent grip. They are suitable for detailed work and tasks involving oils, although they may harden in low temperatures.

PVC-coated gloves are resistant to oil and detergents, highly abrasion-resistant, durable, and provide a comfortable fit. They are cost-effective and have a low odor but are sensitive to heat.

Polyurethane-coated gloves exhibit excellent resistance to oil, acid, and alkali. They are thin, well-fitting, and suitable for detailed work. Polyurethane-coated gloves with polyester fibers on the back of the hand are dust-resistant, making them ideal for clean work, such as precision machine assembly. They are also suitable for clean work like the assembly of precision machinery.

What Is a Pipe Clamp?

Pipe clamps are fixtures designed to secure piping in place. These clamps are particularly useful for mounting pipes on walls or connecting them to other pipes, featuring a distinctive saddle-like shape that provides support and stability to the piping system. By ensuring pipes remain in their designated positions, pipe clamps help mitigate the effects of external forces such as vibration and gravity, enhancing the overall safety and efficiency of the piping infrastructure.

However, it’s crucial to avoid over-tightening pipe clamps, as excessive force can damage or crack the pipes. Proper torque settings and careful handling are advised to prevent undue stress on the piping system.

Uses of Pipe Clamps

Pipe clamps find applications across various industries, serving essential functions in securing and protecting piping systems.

1. Construction Industry

Within the construction sector, pipe clamps play a pivotal role in installing water and drainage pipes, ensuring a functional and reliable water supply and drainage system in buildings. They are also utilized in gas line installations, providing a secure gas supply, and in setting up conduit and communication cables.

2. Energy Industry

In energy production facilities, such as power plants, pipe clamps are employed to secure piping systems that operate under high temperatures and pressures, including steam and exhaust gas piping. They are also crucial in supporting large diameter pipelines for the transport of fuels and heat transfer fluids, contributing to the efficient and stable transportation of vital resources.

3. Agriculture

Agricultural practices benefit from pipe clamps in irrigation systems, where they support piping and hoses to distribute water effectively across fields, ensuring adequate water supply for crops.

Principle of Pipe Clamps

Pipe clamps are engineered to encase and support piping, distributing the weight and external forces evenly to minimize stress. They are typically constructed from durable materials such as steel, stainless steel, or plastic, depending on the specific requirements of the piping system. Metal clamps offer strength and durability, while plastic variants provide corrosion resistance, making them suitable for various environments.

Installation involves securing the clamp using bolts and nuts, ensuring the piping is held firmly in place without being subjected to excessive pressure.

How to Choose Pipe Clamps

When selecting pipe clamps, it’s important to consider the material properties, nominal size, and applicable standards to ensure compatibility with the piping system and compliance with industry regulations. Factors such as corrosion resistance and the physical dimensions of the clamp relative to the pipe size are critical in making an informed selection.

Additional Considerations for Pipe Clamps

Attention should be given to potential galvanic corrosion when dissimilar metals come into contact within the clamp-pipe assembly. Choosing the appropriate clamp material can mitigate this risk, ensuring the longevity and integrity of the piping system.

What Are Forceps?

Figure 1. Image of a typical forceps

Forceps are medical instruments resembling bladeless scissors, used for grasping, compressing, and manipulating tissues and organs during surgical procedures. Made predominantly from metal, there are also disposable plastic versions available today. Various types and shapes are designed for specific surgical applications.

Uses of Forceps

Forceps are essential in surgeries, particularly in thoracic and abdominal procedures. They are used for tasks like grasping tissues, compressing blood vessels to stop bleeding and aiding in various intraoperative maneuvers such as membrane peeling, blood vessel ligation, and peritoneal opening. Different types of forceps, such as Kocher and Pean forceps, are selected based on the specific surgical requirements, with some designed for delicate tasks and others for more robust applications.

Principle of Forceps

Common scissors-shaped forceps function by overlapping interlocking tips to grasp and hold the targeted area. This design allows for locking the instrument in place when grasping a tissue or vessel. The overlapping ratchet section’s size determines the strength of the grip at the tip.

Types of Forceps

Figure 2. Main forceps and tips

Forceps vary in handle type, including pruning (scissor-shaped), angled, and straight-handled designs. Tip shapes also differ, including double-sided curved, single-sided curved, straight, and hook types.

Some common forceps include:

• Kelly Forceps: Used in abdominal and thoracic surgery for delicate tasks like membrane removal and blood vessel ligation.
• Kocher Forceps: Designed for gripping tissues and stopping bleeding, often with a hook at the tip for harder tissues.
• Peyan Forceps: Similar to Kocher forceps but typically without a hook, used for pinching severed blood vessels.
• Mikritz Forceps: Used for holding the peritoneum open during laparotomy.
• Bulldog Forceps: Employed for temporary blood vessel hemostasis in procedures where blood flow needs to be restored later.
• Arris Forceps: Utilized for handling soft tissues, especially in digestive tract surgeries.

Mikulicz and Kocher forceps come in detachable and box types, with the former being disassemblable for cleaning. Modern forceps are typically made of stainless steel and sterilized via high-pressure steam sterilization before use.