What Is an Injection Nozzle?
Injection nozzles are devices that can inject minute amounts of liquid or gas compressed at high pressure into a fine mist and a space.
Injection nozzles are used in engines to ignite fuel quickly by injecting and vaporizing it or to distribute fuel throughout a closed space.
Uses of Injection Nozzles
Injection nozzles are systems designed to atomize liquids and gases into fine particles, and are used in machinery and equipment that apply these characteristics:
- Diesel Engine: Since diesel engines use a compression pump to turn diesel fuel into high-pressure fuel and feed it into the engine combustion chamber, the injection nozzle is used as a system to feed high-pressure fuel into the engine combustion chamber through the injector nozzle, which serves as the fuel injection port. To atomize the fuel effectively, various nozzle shapes are available.
- Direct Injection Gasoline Engines: These nozzles are used in gasoline engines to improve fuel economy, especially in passenger cars and motorcycles.
- High-Pressure Injection Systems: Injection nozzles are often used for high-pressure liquid and gas injection systems. Injection nozzles are used in high-pressure injection systems for sprinkler systems and machines used for washing and cleaning. Injection nozzle systems are especially used for high-pressure gases for air cleaning and air shower curtains.
- Machinery and Equipment: Injection nozzles are also used in machinery and equipment for coating and painting, humidification, fire extinguishing, and temperature control, such as heating and cooling.
Principle of Injection Nozzles
Injection nozzles for liquid jetting can be broadly classified into two types: one-fluid nozzles and two-fluid nozzles. One-fluid and two-fluid nozzles differ in the method used to refine the liquid. One-fluid nozzles use liquid pressure to push the liquid into the nozzle, while two-fluid nozzles use fluid flow to grind the liquid itself into particles, which are then ejected from the nozzle.
Injection nozzles for gas injection, such as compressors and blowers, have different mechanisms depending on the application.
Types of Injection Nozzles
Injection nozzles typically consist of a nozzle body and a needle valve. There are various types, including:
- Hole Nozzle: Designed at a certain angle (jet angle) to spread the fluid.
- Throttle Nozzle: Designed with a throttle opening to control the injection amount.
- Pin-Tow Nozzle: Designed for installation in a vortex chamber with a secondary jet opening in the nozzle body.
Features of Injection Nozzles
Injection nozzles offer several features, including:
- Fine Atomization: Achieves fine atomization of liquids.
- Penetration: Ensures that the atomization reaches every corner of an enclosed space.
- Dispersion/Distribution: Disperses and distributes spray over a wide area.
- Oil Tightness: Prevents leakage of gas or liquid at the end of spraying.
These features make injection nozzles versatile in various applications, improving fuel efficiency, controlling temperature, and more.