What Is a 3D Camera?
A 3D camera is a device capable of capturing images in three dimensions, measuring acceleration in the X, Y, and Z directions. These cameras are instrumental in advanced technologies like self-driving cars and autonomous robots, thanks to their ability to detect movement, vibration, and impact. They also measure gravity, enabling tilt detection.
Uses of 3D Cameras
3D cameras find applications in various fields requiring 3D object recognition:
1. Self-Driving Cars
They are equipped with multiple 3D cameras for safe driving in diverse situations.
2. Robot Control
Autonomous vehicles and robots use 3D cameras for navigation and task execution.
3. Logistics
In logistics centers, these cameras measure package dimensions and assist in sorting and counting operations.
4. Consumer Electronics
Smartphones with 3D cameras capture images in three dimensions, and these cameras are also integrated into security systems for monitoring and crime prevention.
Principle of 3D Cameras
3D cameras operate on various principles, each suited to specific applications:
1. Stereo Type
Stereo cameras mimic human vision using multiple cameras for depth perception through triangulation. They are known for stability and real-time distance measurement but require calibration and processing, making them ideal for outdoor use, such as in self-driving cars.
2. Time of Flight (ToF) Type
ToF cameras calculate depth based on the time light takes to reflect from an object. They offer a wide shooting distance and high frame rate, suitable for indoor use, but are sensitive to sunlight, limiting their outdoor application.
3. Structured Illumination Type
This type captures the distortion of patterned light reflected from an object to calculate depth. It’s precise and used for high-precision imaging but lacks compactness and is not suitable for outdoor use.
Other Information on 3D Cameras
1. Measurement With a 3D Camera
3D cameras enhance workability and safety in various fields, allowing for onsite measurements without physical contact. They enable complex measurements like distances, angles, and areas, useful in cultural property surveys for digital archiving.
2. 3DVR Camera
3DVR cameras capture 360-degree views, either as full-dome or hemispheric types. Hemispheric cameras use ultra-wide-angle lenses for comprehensive imaging, which can be stitched together for a complete 360-degree view.