What Is Tin Sulfide?
Tin sulfide is an inorganic compound consisting of tin and sulfur. It exists in two primary forms: tin sulfide(IV) (tetravalent) and tin sulfide(II) (divalent), with respective CAS registration numbers 1315-01-1 and 1314-95-0.
Uses of Tin Sulfide
Tin sulfide is utilized in various applications, including as a solid electrolyte material in all solid-state batteries, particularly in lithium-ion batteries. Its use as a heat transfer medium and in the production of fireworks and ceramic products is also notable. Tin sulfide(IV), known as tin disulfide, is used as a gold pigment in varnishes and lacquers, while tin sulfide(II) finds applications in polymerization reactions, analytical reagents, and as a bearing agent.
Properties of Tin Sulfide
Tin sulfide(IV) has a melting point of 1112°F (600°C) and is insoluble in water, nitric acid, and hydrochloric acid. It is soluble in alkalis and reacts to form various compounds when heated in air or treated with royal water. Tin sulfide(II) melts at 1616°F (880°C) and boils at 2,246°F (1,230°C), exhibiting similar insolubility in water and reactivity with concentrated hydrochloric acid and ammonium polysulfide solutions.
Structure of Tin Sulfide
Tin sulfide(IV) is a golden yellow powder (SnS2) with a cadmium iodide-type structure, while tin sulfide(II) is a brownish-black powder (SnS) with a rock-salt-type structure. Both have unique crystal structures and densities.
Other Information on Tin Sulfide
Both forms of tin sulfide can be synthesized through various methods, including reactions with tin(IV) chloride and hydrogen sulfide or direct heating of tin and sulfur. Tin(II) trifluoride (Sn2S3), another related compound, has distinct properties and reactivity.